2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 Family

Bcl-2 Family

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Bcl-2 is a family of evolutionarily related proteins. These proteins govern mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and can be either pro-apoptotic (Bax, Bad, Bak and Bok among others) or anti-apoptotic (including Bcl-2 proper, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w, among an assortment of others). There are a total of 25 genes in the Bcl-2 family known to date. Human genes encoding proteins that belong to this family include: Bak1, Bax, Bal-2, Bok, Mcl-1.

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Specific Products:

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0307R
    Ciwujianoside B (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ciwujianoside B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciwujianoside B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciwujianoside B is isolated from Eleutherococcus senticosus leaf, is able to penetrate and work in the brain after the oral administration. Ciwujianoside B significantly enhances object recognition memory. Ciwujianoside B shows radioprotective effects on the hematopoietic system in mice, which is associated with changes in the cell cycle, reduces DNA damage and down-regulates the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in bone marrow cells exposed to radiation.
    Ciwujianoside B (Standard)
  • HY-18628S
    UMI-77-d4
    		Inhibitor
    UMI-77-d4 is the deuterium labeled UMI-77. UMI-77 is a selective Mcl-1 inhibitor, which shows high binding affinity to Mcl-1 (IC50=0.31 μM). UMI-77 binds to the BH3 binding groove of Mcl-1 with Ki of 490 nM, showing selectivity over other members of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 members.
    UMI-77-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-100006B
    MRT68921 hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    MRT68921 hydrochloride is a potent NUAK1/ULK1 dual inhibitor. MRT68921 hydrochloride inhibits ULK1 and ULK2 with IC50 values of 2.9 nM and 1.1 nM, respectively. MRT68921 hydrochloride can block cells autophagy and kill tumor cells by breaking the balance of oxidative stress signals. MRT68921 hydrochloride can inhibit cell proliferation and induce ROS production and apoptosis. MRT68921 hydrochloride can be used for the research of cancer, such as breast cancer.
    MRT68921 hydrochloride
  • HY-175034
    Topoisomerase I/II-IN-1
    Topoisomerase I/II-IN-1 is a dual inhibitor of topoisomerase I/II. Topoisomerase I/II-IN-1 induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells by upregulating p53, p21, and Bax mRNA levels, caspase-3 protein levels, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, while downregulating Bcl-2. Topoisomerase I/II-IN-1 is useful in the study of various cancers, including melanoma, renal cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer.
    Topoisomerase I/II-IN-1
  • HY-146444
    Anticancer agent 56
    		Inhibitor
    Anticancer agent 56 (compound 4d) is a potent anti-cancer agent with agent-likeness properties, possessing anticancer activity against several cancer cell lines (IC50<3 μM). Anticancer agent 56 induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and triggers mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Anticancer agent 56 acts by accumulation of ROS, up regulation of BAX, down regulation of Bcl-2 and activation of caspases 3, 7, 9.
    Anticancer agent 56
  • HY-178940
    Apoptosis inducer 49
    		Inhibitor
    Apoptosis inducer 49 is a selective apoptosis inducer with high specificity against CCRF-CEM leukemia cells (IC50 = 2.68 μM). Apoptosis inducer 49 enhances RNA synthesis and replication stress, activates the Chk1-p21 axis, leading to S-phase arrest. Apoptosis inducer 49 can inhibit Bcl-2 and activate caspase-3. Apoptosis inducer 49 can be used for the study of Leukemia.
    Apoptosis inducer 49
  • HY-147514
    Anticancer agent 64
    		Modulator
    Anticancer agent 64 (compound 5m) shows cytotoxic activity in CCRF-CEM cells, with IC50 of 2.4 μM. Anticancer agent 64 shows good anticancer activity through apoptosis induction. Anticancer agent 64 induces caspase 3 and 7 activation and PARP cleavage. Anticancer agent 64 induces significant effect of mitochondria depolarization.
    Anticancer agent 64
  • HY-178942
    EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-9 (Compound 9b) is an inhibitor of VEGFR-2 (IC50 = 1.325 μM) and EGFR (IC50 = 1.891 μM). EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-9 significantly inhibits the proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines, particularly leukemia cells. EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-9 upregulates the expression levels of Bax, caspase-3, and p53, while downregulating the expression of Bcl-2. EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-9 induces apoptosis and arrests the cell cycle in the G1 phase. EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-9 can be used to investigate anti-tumor angiogenesis and multi-drug resistant cancers.
    EGFR/VEGFR2-IN-9
  • HY-174992
    Apoptosis inducer 39
    Apoptosis inducer 39 is an apoptosis inducer with IC50s of 4.53 and 15.42 μM against MDA-MB-231 and A549 cells. Apoptosis inducer 39 exerts in vitro anti-tumor activity by decreasing the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 while increasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Apoptosis inducer 39 can be used for the study of breast cancer and non-small lung cancer.
    Apoptosis inducer 39
  • HY-161786
    Bcl-2-IN-20
    		Inhibitor
    Bcl-2-IN-20 (Compound 81) is an inhibitor for Bcl-2 with IC50 <10 μM (79.1% inhibition at 9 μM). Bcl-2-IN-20 exhibits cytotoxicity in SK-MEL-28 (IC50>10 μM), A549 (IC50=6.1 μM), HepG2 (IC50>10 μM), MCF-7 (IC50=8.9 μM), HCT116 (IC50>10 μM) and HEK-293 (IC50=14.1 μM). Bcl-2-IN-20 promotes the ROS production, induces apoptosis and DNA damage.
    Bcl-2-IN-20
  • HY-162008
    S1g-10
    		Inhibitor
    S1g-10 is a Hsp70/Bim inhibitor, and shows antitumor activity in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.
    S1g-10
  • HY-143873
    Bcl-2-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    Bcl-2-IN-5 is a BCL-2 inhibitor with IC50s of 0.12 nM, 0.14 nM and 0.22 nM for Bcl-2 wild type, Bcl-2 D103Y and Bcl-2 G101V, respectively. Bcl-2-IN-5 inhibits the cell growth with IC50 values of 0.2 nM and 0.44 nM for Bcl 2-G101V knock-in RS4; 11 and RS4; 11 cells, respectively (WO2021208963A1; Example 155).
    Bcl-2-IN-5
  • HY-155242
    VEGFR-2-IN-36
    		Modulator
    VEGFR-2-IN-36 (compound 15) is a VEGFR-2 inhibitor (IC50: 0.067 μM) and inducer of apoptosis with anticancer activity. VEGFR-2-IN-36 upregulates BAX levels and downregulates Bcl-2 levels. VEGFR-2-IN-36 is toxic to cancer cells, MCF-7 (IC50=0.42 μM) and HepG2 (IC50=0.22 μM).
    VEGFR-2-IN-36
  • HY-N12999
    Stigmast-5-en-3-ol
    Stigmast-5-en-3-ol induces cancer cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation by increasing the production of Bax, Caspase-9, p53, and PARP cleavage and reducing Bcl-xl expression. Stigmast-5-en-3-ol exhibits potent inhibitory activity against glucoamylase and α-amylase and possesses high antioxidant activity. Stigmast-5-en-3-ol can be used in the research of diseases such as leukemia, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.
    Stigmast-5-en-3-ol
  • HY-164453
    A-1248767
    A-1248767 is a MCL-1 inhibitor (IC50=23.9 nM; Ki=0.41 nM) with anticancer activity. A-1248767, a derivative of A-1210477 (HY-12468), binds to MCL-1 with high affinity, induces the increase of intracellular MCL-1 protein, and promotes tumor cell apoptosis.
    A-1248767
  • HY-153494A
    Rosomidnar sodium
    		Inhibitor
    PNT100 sodium is a 24-base, chemically unmodified DNA oligonucleotide sequence that is complementary to the regulatory region upstream of the BCL-2 gene. Exposure of tumor cells to PNT100 results in suppression of proliferation and cell death.
    Rosomidnar sodium
  • HY-153423A
    Mcl-1 inhibitor 13
    		Inhibitor
    Mcl-1 inhibitor 13 (Example 9) is a MCL-1 inhibitor (Ki: 8.2 nM). Mcl-1 inhibitor 13 can be used for the research of cancers.
    Mcl-1 inhibitor 13
  • HY-163854
    HSP70-IN-6
    		Inhibitor
    HSP70-IN-6 (Compound JL-15) is an inhibitor of Hsp70-Bim protein-protein interaction (PPI) (IC50: 70 nM). HSP70-IN-6 induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, with EC50s of 0.43 μM(BV173), 0.88 μM (K562), 0.19 μM (K562-R3).
    HSP70-IN-6
  • HY-136778
    INH2BP
    		Modulator
    INH2BP is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. INH2BP reduces the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), modulates the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 and enhances cell survival through the activation of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. INH2BP is promising for research of cardiovascular diseases.
    INH2BP
  • HY-179157
    MA203
    		Modulator
    MA203 is a highly efficient and selective PROTAC degrader targeting CHK1. MA203 accelerates CRBN-dependent proteasomal degradation of CHK1 in solid tumor-derived cells and acute leukemia cells. MA203 induces DNA replication stress. MA203 blocks cell cycle progression and triggers tumor cell apoptosis. MA203 does not damage healthy differentiated and primitive hematopoietic cells, stromal cells, and retinal epithelial cells. MA203 can be used for the study of CHK1-dependent cancers.
    MA203
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
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Download Bcl-2 Family Signaling Pathway Map.

Bcl-2 family members have been grouped into three classes. The anti-apoptotic subfamily contains the Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, Bfl1/A-1, and Bcl-B proteins, which suppress apoptosis and contain all four Bcl-2 homology domains, designated BH1-4. The pro-apoptotic subfamily contain BH1-3 domains, such as Bax, Bak, and Bok. A third class of BH3 only proteins Bad, Bid, Bim, Noxa and Puma have a conserved BH3 domain that can bind and regulate the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins to promote apoptosis [1].


The intrinsic pathway is initiated by various signals, principally extracellular stimuli. BH3-only proteins (Bim, Bid, Bad, Noxa, Puma) engage with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins to relieve their inhibition of Bax and Bak to activate them. Next, Bax and Bak are oligomerized and activated, leading to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Once mitochondrial membranes are permeabilized, cytochrome c and/or Smac/DIABLO is released into the cytoplasm, wherein they combine with an adaptor molecule, Apaf-1, and an inactive initiator Caspase, Pro-caspase 9, within a multiprotein complex called the apoptosome. Smac/DIABLO inhibits IAPs to activate Caspase 9. Caspase 9 activates Caspase 3, which is the initiation step for the cascade of Caspase activation. The extrinsic pathway can be activated by cell surface receptors, such as Fas and TNF Receptor, subsequently activating Caspase 8, and leads to Caspase 3 activation and cell demolition. Caspases in turn cleave a series of substrates, activate DNases and orchestrate the demolition of the cell. Bcl-2 family proteins are also found on the endoplasmic reticulum and the perinuclear membrane in hematopoietic cells, but they are predominantly localized to mitochondria [2]. 

 

Reference:
[1]. Cotter TG, et al. Apoptosis and cancer: the genesis of a research field. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Jul;9(7):501-7.

[2]. Kang MH, et al. Bcl-2 inhibitors: targeting mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 15;15(4):1126-32.

Bcl-2 Family Isoform Comparison

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